Friday, March 27, 2009

參考資料:SCU+MIT工作營「汐止市鎮景觀再造」企劃案

Shih Chien University & MIT School of Architecture and Planning
2009 International Workshop
Retrofitting Central Xizhi for Livability
Organizers:
The School of Architecture and Planning, MIT
College of Design, Shih Chien University

Participants:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology:
Architecture Department
Media Laboratory
Shih Chien-Praxis University:
Graduate School of Architecture Design
Graduate School of Industrial Design
Graduate School of Fasion and Communications Design

Proposed Exercise Topic:
「Retrofitting Central Xizhi for Livability」

Proposed Workshop Date and Duration:
Spring 2008,for 14 days

Location:
Shih Chien-Praxis University, Taipei, Taiwan

Workshop Planners at Shih Chien-Praxis University:
Ann, yu-chien
Dean, College of Design, Shih Chien-Praxis University
Associate Professor, Architecture Department, Shih Chien-Praxis University
M.Arch., University of Pennsylvania
Lin, sheng-fong
Associate Professor, Architecture Department, Shih Chien-Praxis University
Former Minister of State, Taiwan R.O.C.
Ph.D.,University of California,Berkeley
Retrofitting Central Xizhi for Livability
Taiwan’s bubble economy during the 60’s and 70’s produced many high-density pockets in the outlying areas of Taipei, the capital. However, today, with the rise in living standards and awareness for quality, more and more people are beginning to feel the negative consequences resulting from these overnight developments. There is an urgent demand for upgrading the urban quality of these regions. However, the sheer density of these urban concrete mazes, and the high costs of lands and buildings make large-scale restructuring extremely difficult. So, the question is: How can we retrofit much needed open spaces and public facilities into these highly saturated developments and turn them into livable places?

Central Xizhi: The case in point
Xizhi, located in Taipei County, ten km east of Taipei, is one of the satellite cities just outside the capital. Due to its proximity, easy access, and relatively lower land price, it started to evolve in the 70’s to become a commuter town to Taipei. Real estate speculation and adventurism rushed in to meet the increase in demand for housing. Uncontrolled growth lasted about ten years; and the speed with which it sprawled outpaced any attempts at proper city planning. Thus today, the central part of Xizhi manifests all the symptoms of a town left alone to grow at the speed of greed on the one hand, and economic necessity on the other. Devoid of charm and character, the area’s identity is defined mainly by its undesirable qualities, to wit: a lack of pedestrian accessibility and urban amenities; and public facilities that are minimal in number and function, under-equipped, and in badly chosen locations. Uncontrolled development has left several historical layers of urban fabric randomly overlapping one another. Adding to the chaos of the area is the oppressive presence of through-traffic corridors that brutally sever the area into several disconnected urban fragments and upset the residents’ daily functions.

In short, Central Xizhi is an area devoid of that necessary quality called ‘livability.’ Built to high density with little open space, and with high land prices, central Xizhi has passed the point of no return, making large scale land adjustment practically impossible. What can we do to make this commuter town livable without massive land adjustment or urban renewal?


Introduction to Central Xizhi
Central Xizhi is an area of 4km x 2km, with a population of forty thousand. The following are some key features of this area.

1. Landscape:
Keelung River defines the area’s northern boundary and hills its southern boundary. Having been lowly evaluated in the past for their real estate value, both of these natural landscape features remain largely intact, and are available as a spatial or visual amenity. The river used to be the cause of flooding but the threat was neutralized (only) recently. However, this solution has had the unfortunate effect of turning the flood control devices into barriers that prevent people from getting close to the river. The hills, although a park-like space to the locals, are not easily accessible visually or physically.

2. Older part of the city:
The train station and its vicinity, together with the old street, constitute the old quarter of central Xizhi. The old street, a market street of pedestrian scale still serves the daily function of the older quarter of the area. Although the scale of this part of the city was built for the convenience of pedestrians, there is no pedestrian-priority space or traffic planning. Moreover, the older urban fabric has not been preserved, having been randomly punctured by new development.

3. Residential quarters and high-rise housing clusters:
Of the five residential quarters in the area, two are composed of high-rise clusters. The dominant housing types are the three-, four- and seven-story row houses. In these row houses, if located along a major street, the ground floor is reserved for shops. The high-rise clusters contain condominiums, which, as recent additions to the existing housing stock in the area, have come into being in order to meet the growing demand for housing within the Taipei metropolitan area.
(Residential quarters and high rise housing clusters)

4. Corridors of through-traffic:
The area is severed by three traffic corridors from north to south, namely: the Datong road by-pass, the railroad, and the Xintaiwu express way. The Tairail Company has recently elevated the railroad, thus making it transversable. But these three traffic corridors, taken as a whole, must still be seen as obstacles that impede the optimum flow of slower traffic and thereby downgrade the quality of livability of this area.

5. Public facilities:
The city hall, two primary schools, one middle school, one high school, the old street,
one train station, some poorly planned parks, and one night market: these Public Facilities remain unpleasant to access on foot, and difficult by car, due to a lack of sidewalks and parking lots, respectively. Given the situation, the motorcycle or the scooter remains the most convenient means of access.
(Traffic corridors cutting through the area)

We conclude that the poor grade of livability in central Xizhi is caused by four eminent problems:

1. The three traffic corridors: they have the negative effect of partitioning the city into disconnected sub-areas, and making the unavoidable passing across these barriers life-threatening.
2. Lack of pedestrian-prioritized planning: major traffic corridors and local roads are all pedestrian-unfriendly.
3. Substandard quality of public facilities: they are minimum in number and function, poorly planned, poorly located, and difficult to access.
4. Neglect of the potential of the river and the hills as amenities and open spaces.
The Vision and the Retrofitting Strategy
The Vision: A livable Xizhi, free of disconnection-causing traffic corridors, with well-planned, well-situated public facilities that are accessible to all by walking or bicycle. A green Xizhi, with easy access to the nearby river and hills, with a network of open-spaces that lace the city.
The Strategy: With minimum land adjustment or acquisition, the retrofitting strategies might include:

1. Pedestrian layer:
This layer, functioning as a network, would include
1. Bridges and skywalks placed over major or minor roads where necessary as well as over the residential quarters, in order to connect to the hills across the river.
2. Pedestrian-priority zones in which roads would be placed underground and/or traffic limited.
3. Open spaces which would include the riverside, hills, parks, school yards, open spaces of public and major commercial facilities, and
4. Side walks.

Skywalks and bridges should be considered as urban spaces, and treated as such, rather than merely transitional spaces, so as to vitalize the spatial barrenness of this area. The possibilities for activating the roof spaces – by way of sky lobbies, squares and gardens – of public and commercial buildings and condominium should be integrated into the pedestrian system. The system should accommodate bicycles as well.

2. Physical communication layer:
This layer would include the public and private signage systems; the color scheme planning of the public domain; the design of functional and user-friendly street furniture. Given the large number of children in this area, as evidenced by the increase in primary school enrollment, special attention must be given to the needs of children in terms of space, signage and street furniture design.

3. Information layer:
There should be a trial-run to introduce information- and media-technologies to facilitate and enrich the urban function of this area. We navigate through an environment by reading sign boards, building types and the activities in and around them. But often some of the urban public functions, or even some commercial functions are debilitatingly opaque. When the information needed of daily function is properly transparent, it makes the environment more user-friendly and convenient. There are abundant media and information technologies available in Taiwan, and the area’s close proximity to the Information Science Park of Taiwan makes it an ideal candidate to serve as a showcase for the integration of information- and media-technology with urban design.

4. Ecological layer:
The ecological barrenness of this area is due solely to administrative negligence, not lack of potentials. There is a river to the north and hills to the south of the area. Within the area, there are some parks, school campuses, etc. There should be more efforts to connect these green areas. By combining tree-planting programs for the streets, pocket parks, open spaces, and vegetations for sky lobbies, roof gardens, sky walks etc., we can create a web of ecological corridors in this area.

In search of a model solution
Central Xizhi, a by-product of a bubble economy, is an urban problem begging for a solution. The “Xizhi Syndrome” can be found commonly in many Asian cities where high-density, uncontrolled development and exorbitant land prices make it impossible for large-scale urban restructuring. (China is the exception. There, massive clearing is still possible). “Retrofitting” three-dimensionally into the existing urban fabric layers of spaces and functions, and reconnecting fragmented urban sub-areas with pedestrian accessibilities and communication technologies is one possible solution. The four layers introduced into the fragmented central Xizhi would not require massive acquisition of lands or clearing of buildings. Implementation of this proposal could make central Xizhi a livable and connected community. If retrofitting by layers should prove possible in Xizhi, it could set an example worth emulating throughout Taiwan as well as in other parts of the world where poorly planned, under-equipped, pedestrian-unfriendly developments have unnecessarily degraded the quality of urban life.













( Location fo the Central Xizhi; and Shih Chien-Praxis University, Taipei.)

捌、 後續推廣規劃

一、 簽締雙方合作之備忘錄並締結姊妹校,提供未來學術交流、國際交換學生策略訂定之依據。
二、 提供國內相關設計系所畢業生升學、進修管道。
三、 促進雙方師資、學生作品交流,邀請國外優秀師資來台任教講學,建立雙方友好互動之合作模式。

柒、 預期效益

一、 與國際性設計學校與業界知名設計機構相互觀摩與學術交流,提升整體教學品質,建立跨學域合作與意見溝通之平台。
二、 透過實務製作、發表、交流與觀摩,拓展師生之國際視野,刺激教學研究、設計創作之質與量的提升。
三、 參與國際設計工作營之舉辦與系列專題講座,深化多元議題之學術研究根基。
四、 藉由專書出版、網站與多媒體視聽資料庫建置工作,整合教學資源並強化數位教學資料庫之設置。
五、 透過本計畫及相關研習活動之參與,結合設計專業領域之理論研究及實務,落實設計教育在地參與及社會服務之目標。

陸、 活動評量與檢討

本計畫於開始執行前一學期即已成立專案規劃小組,成員除計畫主持人外,亦邀集實踐大學設計學院相關系所主管、建築景觀設計、工業設計、數位媒體傳達設計師資,以及業界相關專業領域人才(含高階主管),於召開籌備會議時針對活動規劃內容給予專業意見,並訂定工作營「教師與學生手冊」(中英文版)以供參與之師生作為活動學習與評量之依據。

一、教師—對參與學生給予評量
為期14天之密集式課程將分組進行專題研討與實作,除帶隊之教師外,亦將安排一至二位助理教師,協助組員(學生)之出、缺勤紀錄、學習態度與能力進行綜合評量,作為工作營結束評圖與成果報告(Final Presentation)評分之參考依據。

二、學生—給予意見與建議
於工作營結束前,發放學生意見與自評調查表,針對課程規劃設計、師資安排、活動日程等項目採以不記名方式給予建議,由計畫主持人彙整作為下次舉辦相關活動師資邀請與活動規劃之參考。

三、活動成果展示與資料建檔
1. 於計畫開始後每個月召開會議針對資料蒐集、內容與執行進度進行規劃,確認成果報告格式與製作進度表,確認承辦人員工作業務分配。
2. 將於實踐大學設計學院網站(http://www.scdesign.usc.edu.tw/)設置專區,提供網路問卷、自評表、活動日程表下載,公布學生甄選結果與工作營計畫緣起、宗旨、師資、需預讀之相關文獻等資訊,並設置留言版功能,提供參與之師生資料檢索與查詢之用。
3. 本活動結束後會將工作營師生之研究成果集結成冊(專刊),提供各相關單位及與社會人士作為後續研究與舉辦活動計畫之參考。

二、 與會學員

二、 與會學員
1. 遴選原則:兼顧國內外學生人數比例平衡且甄選過程公正公開。
2. 遴選方式:透過本校網頁、全國相關設計科系所電子佈告欄、電子郵件以及本計畫網站公告相關遴選訊息,並於工作營預定執行該學期初舉行公開甄選。
(1) MIT麻省理工學院與SCU實踐大學公開甄選之學生名單將於活動結束後隨成果報告檢附參加人員名冊。SCU實踐大學擬於9月17日(三)13:30於實踐大學設計大樓A棟A706教室舉行公開甄選36名學員(需通過資格審查、作品集審查及面試,並加選實踐大學設計學院專業英文進階課程,且需通過該課程期末測驗)。

尹美真 (J. Meejin Yoon)

尹美真 (J. Meejin Yoon)
美國麻省理工學院建築設計學系副教授兼媒體實驗室研究員
Associate Professor, Department of Architecture Design
Research Member of MIT Media Lab
簡歷

As the founder of MY Studio and co-founder of Howeler + Yoon Architecture, she is engaged in a multidisciplinary practice, operating in the space between architecture, art, and landscape.
Her design research embraces all scales as an opportunity to investigate the relationship between form/performance, interactivity/event, and media/materiality in architecture.
Her projects include architecture, urban design, installations, concept clothing and artist books.
這次即將率隊來台的MIT建築暨規畫學院三位老師當中,最年輕的是來自韓國的副教授尹美真,她也是MIT著名的「媒體實驗室」(Media Lab)最年輕成員。
MIT的「媒體實驗室」在國際間享有盛名,由電腦科學家尼葛洛龐帝(Nicholas Negroponte)於一九八○年創辦,是一個結合學術和研究的機構。這個實驗室的成立理念,是希望創造出人性化的產品,在科技與人類之間搭起友善的橋樑。最重要的是,實驗室的成員,有理工背景、也有來自藝術學門的師生,來自不同領域的成員,混合科學技術與人文藝術的課程,顛覆一般實驗室只著重科學研究的傳統,也在成員之間激盪出創意的火花。這個實驗室研究的範圍,從人工智慧到互動式前衛藝術均涵蓋。
尹美真曾在2004年雅典奧運期間,製作一件互動式作品《白色的聲響,白色的燈光》(White Noise, White Light),頗為知名。這件作品設置在雅典著名古蹟衛城山腳下的一片田地中,尹美真在地上插了上千根比人還高的細長燈管,有如一片壯觀的蘆葦田。隨著人在「燈管田」內行進,所經之處,燈管會接收到感應,慢慢發出幽微的藍光。當人離開之後,燈光也會隨之熄滅。這件作品在夜晚呈現出相當詩意的氣氛,在雅典奧運期間深受好評。

肆、 參與人員 Adele Naude Santos, FAIA

一、與會學者、講師
Adele Naude Santos, FAIA

美國麻省理工學院建築與城市規劃學院院長
Dean, Professor of Architecture and Planning, MIT
簡歷

Adele Naude Santos, FAIA, is an architect and urban designer whose career combines professional practice, research and teaching. Ms. Santos has won international design competitions, published work in journals worldwide, and has worked in cultures as diverse as Japan, Africa and the United States. Ms. Santos is currently Dean of the School of Architecture and Planning at MIT, as well as principal architect in the San Francisco-based firm, Santos Prescott and Associates.
Her academic career includes professorships within the graduate programs of UC Berkeley, Harvard, Rice University and the University of Pennsylvania, where she also served as Chairman of the Department of Architecture. She was also the founding Dean of the new School of Architecture at the University of California, San Diego, and has had numerous visiting appointments throughout the United States and the world, including Italy and in her native South Africa.
Currently, in Ventura California, she is working on an affordable housing project for eighty artists including a performance/gallery space and arts retail. Mission Creek Senior Housing, a mixed use building which includes 140 affordable housing units as well as an adult day health center and a branch library has just been completed. Well known projects include Yerba Buena Gardens Children’s Center, La Brea Franklin Housing (which won a first place award in an international competition for affordable multi-family housing), the Institute of contemporary Art in Philadelphia, and the Center for the Arts at Albright College in Reading. Ms Santos' earlier career in South Africa was dominated by housing design, from low cost to luxury, and from single family houses to apartments and master plans. She has built work in Japan, South Africa and the United States as is starting her first commission in China.
Ms Santos received a diploma from the Architectural Association in London; she then earned three Masters' Degrees in the United States: Master of Architecture and Master of Planning from the University of Pennsylvania, and Master of Architecture in Urban Design from Harvard. Adele Naude Santos is a registered architect who is certified by the NCARB and by the Architectural Registration Council of the United Kingdom. She has received numerous awards and honors including being named Fellow of the American Institute of Architects in 1996 and serves as a juror for numerous national and international design competitions and award programs. She has been published extensively in journals and books including in ’03 in L’Architecttura: cronache e storia #569 which contains a major article on her work.

與Adele Naude Santos對談—「永續與進化:過去、現在與未來的融合」

作為國際頂尖設計學院的院長,來自極具優秀傳統MIT的Ms. Adele Santos,於1995年聘請了張永和擔任MIT建築系系主任。這是華人建築師,第一次晉身入歐美第一世界的頂尖學府殿堂,不但開某種風氣之先,也預告了二十一世紀,華人建築師在學界與專業實務界,所可能扮演的新角色。
一年後,南加大亦於2006年,接續聘請同為中生代的馬清運擔任系主任,顯示Ms. Santos的決定,並非突發的一己之想,而更是預告了某種正在發生中新趨勢的重要舉動。
另外從建築教育的觀點來看,MIT極具盛名的Media Lab,究竟是意圖要尋求什麼未知的答案呢?到目前有何具體的成效?對未來,又有何期待?
中國的崛起,是全球此時都不可忽略的重大影響因素,也極有可能改變整個二十世紀以來,建築學界與業界長期為西方壟斷的現象。在這個世紀初始的時刻,我們藉著邀請國內建築學界、業界與媒體,來與Ms. Santos直接的作對談,希望可以從中碰撞出什麼未來建築走向的觀點,與我們或可重新定位自己的新位置點。

議題方向:
一、 從張永和應聘擔任MIT建築系主任,看西方主流教育界,與亞洲(尤其是華人)在未來互動的可能為何?
二、 中國的崛起,對亞洲新生代建築師,意味著什麼?是代表更多介入西方主流舞台的可能性嗎?亞洲現代建築的自我定位,有可能在這樣的互動中,得到新的確立位置點嗎?
三、 Media Lab的意圖是什麼?未來的目標又是什麼?

(二) 專題系列講座

(二)專題系列講座
1. 講座時間:98年1月5日至1月7日。
2. 講座地點:實踐大學設計學院A棟設計大樓A301教室。
3. 講者簡介:請參閱第肆項「參與人員」。
4. 講座規劃與日程(詳見下表):
SCU+MIT國際學生工作營專題系列講座(場次暫訂)
SCU+MIT International Workshop Keynote Lecture

第一場
時間:97年1月6日(二) 10:00~11:00隨實際行程表更動

地點:實踐大學設計學院設計大樓A301教室

主講:實踐大學建築設計學系教授
林盛豐Lin Sheng-Feng
基地介紹(About the Site)

Keynote Lecture I
Speaker/ Prof. Lin Sheng-Feng
Place/ 3F, Bldg. A, SCU
Time/ 2009.1.5 10:00-11:00

第二場
時間:97年1月6日(二) 11:00~12:30隨實際行程表更動

地點:實踐大學設計學院設計大樓A301教室

主講:麻省理工學院都市規劃學院院長
Adele Naude Santos
永續與進化:過去、現在與未來的融合(Continuity and Evolution: Merging Past, Present and Future)

Keynote Lecture II
Speaker/ Dean Adele Naude Santos
Place/ 3F, Bldg. A, SCU
Time/ 2009.1. 6 (Tue.) 11:00-12:30

第三場
時間:97年1月6日(二) 14:00~16:00隨實際行程表更動

地點:實踐大學設計學院設計大樓A301教室

主講:麻省理工學院都市規劃學系教授
Dennis Frenchman
城市復興(City Revival)

Keynote Lecture III
Speaker/ Prof. David Small
Place/ 3F, Bldg. A, SCU
Time/ 2009.1. 6 (Tue.) 14:00-16:00

第四場
時間:97年1月6日(二) 16:00~18:00隨實際行程表更動

地點:實踐大學設計學院設計大樓A301教室

主講:麻省理工學院建築設計學系副教授
尹美真 J. Meejin Yoon
公共藝術-寓設計於遊嬉(Public Works: Projects in Play)

Keynote Lecture IV
Speaker/ Associate Prof. J. Meejin Yoon
Place/ 3F, Bldg. A, SCU
Time/ 2009.1.6 (Tue.) 16:00-18:00

參、 計畫內容說明




參、 計畫內容說明


一、活動項目
(一)國際設計工作營(含討論會與密集課程)
(二)專題系列講座(共六場)

二、活動規劃與期程
(一)國際設計工作營(含討論會與密集課程)
1. 工作營時間:98年1月5日至1月18日。
2. 工作營地點:實踐大學設計學院A棟設計大樓5、6、7樓。
3. 工作營規劃與日程(詳見右表):

貳、 計畫宗旨

貳、 計畫宗旨

本計畫透過為期14天之國際設計工作營(含討論會與密集課程)、系列專題講座、實地勘查、評圖與成果發表等活動,開拓設計學院師生之教學與設計創作之國際視野,並藉由與國外優秀師生之交流,分享設計專業領域之實務經驗,強化科技與人文的良性互動,鼓勵創新試探與新思維的拓展,帶給學生更多元豐富的發展空間,建立跨領域的知識交流與學習平台。此外,希望促使學生回歸土地、生態、自然的人性關懷本位,進而思考、詮釋建築景觀設計與數位媒體科技之結合對於人類生存環境影響的新意,發掘設計的人文核心價值,幫助學生更具世界觀、國際觀,同時拓展設計視野,培養設計人的終極包容與關懷,與對地球一切生命體更友善的設計思維。
綜合上述目標,茲將計畫宗旨歸納如下:
一、透過交流檢驗,擴大學術研究視野,刺激教學研究/設計創作之質與量的提升。
二、透過國際設計工作營之辦理,深化國際化學術研究及教學環境之設置,拓展學系師生之國際視野。
三、透過國際設計工作營之研習交流活動及相關計畫之參與,整合專業領域之理論研究及專業服務,落實設計教育在地參與及社會服務之目標。
除此之外,本計畫案乃不斷進行推動中(自2007年9月開始籌備進行),將藉助本次參與討論與實務工作之國內、外學者與學生們的專業分析與研究成果,持續針對類似的案例(如新興市鎮或老舊街區等),提出相關都市景觀再造之創意提案與改善策略,以作為後續相關研究與活動計畫之參考。

壹、 計畫緣起

實踐大學設計學院+美國麻省理工學院建築暨規劃學院2009國際工作營計畫書

壹、 計畫緣起

本計畫由實踐大學設計學院與美國麻省理工學院建築暨規劃學院共同策劃舉辦,並由MIT建築暨規劃學院及Media Lab、實踐大學建築設計學系碩士班、工業設計學系碩士班、時尚與媒體設計研究所(數位媒體設計組)分別公開甄選出共36位來自建築設計、景觀與都市計畫、工業設計、媒體傳達設計等不同設計領域之國內、外學生,以及帶隊之指導教授全程參與汐止市都市更新規劃案,在雙方院長安郁茜、桑多絲(Adele Naude Santos)領軍下,分成六組別,期望從年輕一輩設計學子的角度針對汐止的城市現況進行討論,並且提出包含人、生態、自然與都市再造的創意提案,研討改善的方案與解決問題的可能。
汐止在台灣人的印象中,是個人口稠密、新舊建築雜亂無章,或是每逢颱風就得戒備、以防淹水的地方;然而,汐止其實是台北市重要的衛星市鎮,也是一個具有歷史感的地方。汐止舊名稱為「水返腳」,指的是基隆河的潮汐,漲到這裡之後就會退返,境內有山有水,擁有美好的自然環境。不過,近年來由於人口高密度匯聚,汐止景觀受到人為的干擾,尤其是鐵路跟快速道路切割市中心,使得當地的交通、景觀、居民的生活,產生巨大的改變。
爰此,本計畫案期望透過兩校師生的共同合作並運用其創意,一同提出對汐止市鎮整體居住品質提升的對策。過去國內建築暨數位媒體相關系所與國外知名院校交流,多半以邀請大師舉辦專題講座為主要型態,本計畫不僅為實踐大學與美國名校MIT所合作的國際學生工作營,更是跨國、跨校、跨領域的學生交流計畫(Cross-disciplinary Projects),來台期間MIT師生將與設計學院其他系所學員進行交流,以本計畫案中的國際設計工作營作為一個跨領域的觀點平台,藉由不同學域的相互觀摩與互動學習,以「協同創新」(Collaborative Innovation)的能量針對汐止市鎮激發出新的想法。

Thursday, March 26, 2009

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